![]() There are three levels of learning for an AI: Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning.Īrtificial Intelligence: is the lowest level of computer ‘intelligence.’ It mimics human learning by making decisions based on options and checks them with stored information: Is it round or curvy? Is it green or yellow? Is it a lime or a banana? That’s a really good question and it is both simple and very clever. How does an Artificial Intelligence learn? Applying that ability to other areas will allow patterns and discoveries that might otherwise be hidden or take a long time to discover by people alone. AlphaGo Zero learnt thousands of years of human knowledge in just a few days. When dealing with vast amounts of information, when attempting to understand lots of data (particularly mathematical) the human mind can become overwhelmed and tires quickly. That AI can have ‘creative moments’ suggest that AI can be used to enhance human ingenuity rapidly. The big deal is that it has been able to make new discoveries, novel approaches. "So what? A machine can play a game, big deal." Go Zero quickly surpassed the performance of all previous versions and also discovered new knowledge, developing unconventional strategies and creative new moves, including those which beat the World Go Champions Lee Sedol and Ke Jie.” ![]() Instead, the computer program accumulated thousands of years of human knowledge during a period of just a few days. This powerful technique is no longer constrained by the limits of human knowledge. The company that created AlphaGo – Deepmind – released a newer more powerful version, AlphaGo Zero.Īccording to Deepmind: “AlphaGo learnt Go by playing thousands of matches with amateur and professional players, AlphaGo Zero learnt by playing against itself, starting from completely random play.and then by playing against the strongest player in the world, AlphaGo. There are currently just over 100 9 Dan players in the world. As they continue to improve they then join the Dan ranks, starting at level 1 and aim for (but rarely reach) level 9 Dan. ![]() As they improve the move towards the rank Kyu 1. It's said that Sedol is to Go what Federer is to tennis, yet, with 200 million people watching world wide, AlphaGo beat him 4-1 in a competition in Seoul, South Korea.Īll Go players are ranked an absolute beginner is ranked as Kyu 30. In March 2016, the AI then competed against legendary Go player, eighteen-time world title winner Mr. In 2015 it played its first match against reigning three-time European Champion Mr. Go has more than 10 170 moves.making it a googol times more complicated and varied than Chess and dwarfing the number of atoms in the Universe!ĭo you think a computer or Artificial Intelligence could ever master a game this complicated in your lifetime?Īmazingly, it already has. It is played extensively in SE Asia: professionals start learning the game as very small children and spend all their lives perfecting their ability. Thought to have originated in China over 4.000 years ago it did not become popular until it arrived in Japan around the year 500. You might think, ‘well a computer has conquered the most complicated game in the world there’s nothing left for them to do?’ and you’d be.wrong! There is a game with even more possible moves and variations and it is called Go. "There are even more possible variations of chess games than there are atoms in the observable universe." (If you rule out illegal moves that number drops dramatically to 10 40 moves. ![]() It is estimated there are between 10 111 and 10 123 positions (including illegal moves) in Chess. This is the Shannon Number and represents all of the possible move variations in the game of chess. Which is a lot. But.amazingly, there are even more possible variations of chess games than there are atoms in the observable universe. That’s between ten quadrillion vigintillion and one-hundred thousand quadrillion vigintillion atoms. There are between 10 78 to 10 82atoms in the observable universe. So why did it take so long? Remember the question at the start? The following year the improved DeepBlue beat him 31/2-21/2. That did not happen until 1996 when DeepBlue beat Gary Kasparov. In 1950 he wrote a paper asserting this possibility, but it wasn’t until the 1970’s that computers began to defeat humans at the game – generally poor players who made silly mistakes. Using maths and logic to understand the world around him, it wasn't long before Shannon began to wonder if a computer could beat a human at games, such as chess. The theory uses mathematics to understand the rules governing the transmission of messages through communication systems, applicable to everything from computer code, speech and music, to the dancing of bees. The question came from Claude Shannon, inventor of ‘ Information Theory’ in 1948.
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